Programmes d’exercices à domicile adaptés à des conditions musculosquelettiques variées : transfert de connaissances

Travail d'intégration réalisé dans le cadre du cours PHT-6113.Introduction/problématique : Les atteintes musculosquelettiques sont fréquentes et entraînent des coûts importants. Plusieurs évidences suggèrent que les programmes d’exercices à domicile (PED) seraient bénéfiques pour certaines pathologies, dont la cervicalgie, la lombalgie, la gonarthrose et le syndrome d’accrochage à l’épaule (SAE). Cependant, il n’existe pas de lignes directrices quant aux conseils et aux exercices à préconiser pour ces atteintes. De plus, il manque d’outils de transfert de ces connaissances sur ces pathologies spécifiquement adressé aux physiothérapeutes. Objectifs : Ce travail vise à A) synthétiser les évidences quant aux interventions à préconiser pour les pathologies mentionnées et B) créer un outil de transfert de connaissances qui informera les physiothérapeutes des interventions à préconiser dans ces atteintes. Description sommaire ou stratégique : Le travail d’un an s’est déroulé en cinq phases soit, 1) la définition du projet, 2) la recension des écrits, 3) les rencontres avec des physiothérapeutes, 4) la synthèse des lignes directrices d’intervention et 5) l’élaboration de l’interface web interactive Google+ comme outil de transfert de connaissances. Principaux sujets abordés : Chaque pathologie soit, la cervicalgie chronique, la lombalgie chronique, la gonarthrose et le SAE, fait l’objet d’un chapitre. Résultats : Le travail résume les interventions pertinentes pour chaque pathologie. Les rencontres ont permis d’identifier les besoins des physiothérapeutes en matière de transfert de connaissance et l’interface web semble être pertinente pour combler ces besoins. Conclusion : Les PED seraient efficaces dans le traitement de plusieurs pathologies musculosquelettiques en physiothérapie. Il manque de consensus quant aux interventions à inclure dans ces PED. Il faudra évaluer l’impact de l’outil de transfert de connaissances sur la pratique des physiothérapeutes

A Geometric Look on the Microstates of Supertubes

We give a geometric interpretation of the entropy of the supertubes with fixed conserved charges and angular momenta in two different approaches using the DBI action and the supermembrane theory. By counting the geometrically allowed microstates, it is shown that both the methods give consistent result on the entropy. In doing so, we make the connection to the gravity microstates clear.Comment: 26 pages, v2: discussion on the validity of our results and refs. adde

Fiscal shocks and real exchange rate dynamics: Some evidence for Latin America

This paper analyses the effects of fiscal shocks using a two-country macroeconomic model for output, labour input, government spending and relative prices which provides the orthogonality restrictions for obtaining the structural shocks. Dynamic simulation techniques are then applied, in particular to shed light on the possible effects of fiscal imbalances on the real exchange rate in the case of six Latin American countries. Using quarterly data over the period 1980-2006, we find that in a majority of cases fiscal shocks are the main driving force of real exchange rate fluctuations

A flexible approach to parametric inference in nonlinear and time varying time series models

Many structural break and regime-switching models have been used with macroeconomic and …nancial data. In this paper, we develop an extremely flexible parametric model which can accommodate virtually any of these speci…cations and does so in a simple way which allows for straightforward Bayesian inference. The basic idea underlying our model is that it adds two simple concepts to a standard state space framework. These ideas are ordering and distance. By ordering the data in various ways, we can accommodate a wide variety of nonlinear time series models, including those with regime-switching and structural breaks. By allowing the state equation variances to depend on the distance between observations, the parameters can evolve in a wide variety of ways, allowing for everything from models exhibiting abrupt change (e.g. threshold autoregressive models or standard structural break models) to those which allow for a gradual evolution of parameters (e.g. smooth transition autoregressive models or time varying parameter models). We show how our model will (approximately) nest virtually every popular model in the regime-switching and structural break literatures. Bayesian econometric methods for inference in this model are developed. Because we stay within a state space framework, these methods are relatively straightforward, drawing on the existing literature. We use arti…cial data to show the advantages of our approach, before providing two empirical illustrations involving the modeling of real GDP growth

Anisotropy of the Upper Critical Field and Critical Current in Single Crystal MgB2_2

We report on specific heat, high magnetic field transport and $ac-$susceptibility measurements on magnesium diboride single crystals. The upper critical field $H_{c2}$ for magnetic fields perpendicular and parallel to the Mg and B planes is presented for the first time in the entire temperature range. A very different temperature dependence has been observed in the two directions which yields to a temperature dependent anisotropy with $\Gamma \sim$ 5 at low temperatures and about 2 near $T_c$. A peak effect is observed in susceptibility measurements for $H \sim$2 T parallel to the $c-$axis and the critical current density presnts a sharp maximum for $H$ parallel to the ab-plane.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure

Primary Fibrosarcoma of the Breast: A Case Report

A primary fibrosarcoma of the breast is a rare tumor. Here we report on a case of a primary fibrosarcoma of the breast that presented as a palpable left breast mass in a 47-year-old woman. The physical examination revealed a 3 cm sized, round mass in the left upper outer breast. The mammograms revealed a 3 cm sized, partially circumscribed and partially obscured, high density mass in the upper outer quadrant of the left breast. An ultrasonogram demonstrated a 3 cm sized, ovoid, circumscribed and hypoechoic mass with peripheral increased vascularity on Doppler imaging. Surgical excision was performed and the pathology revealed a low grade fibrosarcoma

Nonlinear diffusion equations as asymptotic limits of Cahn-Hilliard systems

An asymptotic limit of a class of Cahn-Hilliard systems is investigated to obtain a general nonlinear diffusion equation. The target diffusion equation may reproduce a number of well-known model equations: Stefan problem, porous media equation, Hele-Shaw profile, nonlinear diffusion of singular logarithmic type, nonlinear diffusion of Penrose-Fife type, fast diffusion equation and so on. Namely, by setting the suitable potential of the Cahn-Hilliard systems, all of these problems can be obtained as limits of the Cahn-Hilliard related problems. Convergence results and error estimates are proved

Multi-epoch VLBI of a double maser super burst

In a rare and spectacular display, two well-known massive star forming regions, W49N and G25.65+1.05, recently underwent maser 'super burst' - their fluxes suddenly increasing above 30,000 and 18,000 Jy, respectively, reaching several orders of magnitude above their usual values. In quick-response, ToO observations with the EVN, VLBA and KaVA were obtained constituting a 4 week campaign - producing a high-cadence multi-epoch VLBI investigation of the maser emission. The combination of high-resolution, polarisation and flux monitoring during the burst provides one of the best accounts, to date, of the maser super burst phenomenon, aiding their use as astrophysical tools. These proceedings contain the preliminary results of our campaign

The magnetization of PrFeAsO0.60_{0.60}F$_{0.12} sueprconductor

The magnetization of the PrFeAsO$_{0.60}$F$_{0.12}$ polycrystalline sample has been measured as functions of temperature and magnetic field $(H)$. The observed total magnetization is the sum of a superconducting irreversible magnetization ($M_s$) and a paramagnetic magnetization ($M_p$). Analysis of dc susceptibility $\chi(T)$ in the normal state shows that the paramagnetic component of magnetization comes from the Pr$^{+3}$ magnetic moments. The intragrain critical current density $(J_L)$ derived from the magnetization measurement is large. The $J_L(H)$ curve displays a second peak which shifts towards the high-field region with decreasing temperature. In the low-field region, a plateau up to a field $H^*$ followed by a power law $H^{-5/8}$ behavior of $J_L(H)$ is the characteristic of the strong pinning. A vortex phase diagram for the present superconductor has been obtained from the magnetization and resistivity data.Comment: A revised version with modified title,8 pages, 7 figure